219 research outputs found
Stabilization of Ultracold Molecules Using Optimal Control Theory
In recent experiments on ultracold matter, molecules have been produced from
ultracold atoms by photoassociation, Feshbach resonances, and three-body
recombination. The created molecules are translationally cold, but
vibrationally highly excited. This will eventually lead them to be lost from
the trap due to collisions. We propose shaped laser pulses to transfer these
highly excited molecules to their ground vibrational level. Optimal control
theory is employed to find the light field that will carry out this task with
minimum intensity. We present results for the sodium dimer. The final target
can be reached to within 99% if the initial guess field is physically
motivated. We find that the optimal fields contain the transition frequencies
required by a good Franck-Condon pumping scheme. The analysis is able to
identify the ranges of intensity and pulse duration which are able to achieve
this task before other competing process take place. Such a scheme could
produce stable ultracold molecular samples or even stable molecular
Bose-Einstein condensates
Constructive control of quantum systems using factorization of unitary operators
We demonstrate how structured decompositions of unitary operators can be
employed to derive control schemes for finite-level quantum systems that
require only sequences of simple control pulses such as square wave pulses with
finite rise and decay times or Gaussian wavepackets. To illustrate the
technique it is applied to find control schemes to achieve population transfers
for pure-state systems, complete inversions of the ensemble populations for
mixed-state systems, create arbitrary superposition states and optimize the
ensemble average of dynamic observables.Comment: 28 pages, IoP LaTeX, principal author has moved to Cambridge
University ([email protected]
FIRST DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY DATA FOR CLASTIC ROCKS OF THE EAST SAKHALIN ACCRETIONARY TERRANE
First detrital zircon geochronology data and results of geochemical studies for clastic rocks of the Rymnik and Nabil zones of the East Sakhalin accretionary terrane, located within the region of the East Sakhalin Mountains, are presented. The studies have been carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The established geochemical features suggest that the source of the clastic material of the zones was felsic rocks of the deeply eroded continental island arc or arcs. Although the geochemical characteristics are similar, there are sharp differences between the detrital zircons’ age distribution patterns of rocks of these zones. In the sandstone of the Nabil zone, 75 % of the zircon grains are of the middle Cretaceous age (94–108 Ma) with a peak of 96 Ma, 15 % are the middle Permian-Early Jurassic, and 10 % are the Precambrian (mainly Paleoproterozoic). The sandstone of the Rymnik zone has a more complex (polymodal) pattern of the detrital zircon age distribution, with a significant contribution of the Precambrian grains (37 %). Most of the grains belong to the Early Jurassic (peak 196 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (peak 137 Ma), with 47 % of the Mesozoic grains. The likely provenances of the clastic material were the Middle Cretaceous volcanic arcs of the Asian eastern margin older complexes of the continent
Anharmonicity, vibrational instability and Boson peak in glasses
We show that a {\em vibrational instability} of the spectrum of weakly
interacting quasi-local harmonic modes creates the maximum in the inelastic
scattering intensity in glasses, the Boson peak. The instability, limited by
anharmonicity, causes a complete reconstruction of the vibrational density of
states (DOS) below some frequency , proportional to the strength of
interaction. The DOS of the new {\em harmonic modes} is independent of the
actual value of the anharmonicity. It is a universal function of frequency
depending on a single parameter -- the Boson peak frequency, which
is a function of interaction strength. The excess of the DOS over the Debye
value is at low frequencies and linear in in the
interval . Our results are in an excellent
agreement with recent experimental studies.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, 6 figure
Adiabatic population transfer via multiple intermediate states
This paper discusses a generalization of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage
(STIRAP) in which the single intermediate state is replaced by intermediate
states. Each of these states is connected to the initial state \state{i} with
a coupling proportional to the pump pulse and to the final state \state{f}
with a coupling proportional to the Stokes pulse, thus forming a parallel
multi- system. It is shown that the dark (trapped) state exists only
when the ratio between each pump coupling and the respective Stokes coupling is
the same for all intermediate states. We derive the conditions for existence of
a more general adiabatic-transfer state which includes transient contributions
from the intermediate states but still transfers the population from state
\state{i} to state \state{f} in the adiabatic limit. We present various
numerical examples for success and failure of multi- STIRAP which
illustrate the analytic predictions. Our results suggest that in the general
case of arbitrary couplings, it is most appropriate to tune the pump and Stokes
lasers either just below or just above all intermediate states.Comment: 14 pages, two-column revtex style, 10 figure
Inelastic light, neutron, and X-ray scatterings related to the heterogeneous elasticity of glasses
The effects of plasticization of poly(methyl methacrylate) glass on the boson
peaks observed by Raman and neutron scattering are compared. In plasticized
glass the cohesion heterogeneities are responsible for the neutron boson peak
and partially for the Raman one, which is enhanced by the composition
heterogeneities. Because the composition heterogeneities have a size similar to
that of the cohesion ones and form quasiperiodic clusters, as observed by small
angle X-ray scattering, it is inferred that the cohesion heterogeneities in a
normal glass form nearly periodic arrangements too. Such structure at the
nanometric scale explains the linear dispersion of the vibrational frequency
versus the transfer momentum observed by inelastic X-ray scattering.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, to be published in J. Non-Cryst. Solids
(Proceedings of the 4th IDMRCS
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